Methyl nomilinate from citrus can modulate cell cycle regulators to induce cytotoxicity in human colon cancer (SW480) cells in vitro.

Trehalose is a natural alpha-linked disaccharide formed by an α,α-1,1-glucoside bond between two α-glucose units.

Thermospermine is a structural isomer of spermine and plays a role in the repression of xylem differentiation. Thermospermine can be used in studies about acting as a plant growth regulator and serving in the control of wood biomass production.